FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMENGARUHI KEJADIAN EDEMA PADA PASIEN HEMODIALISIS

Abstract

Edema is a common complication in hemodialysis patients caused by fluid imbalance and can reduce quality of life as well as increase cardiovascular risk. Several factors are suspected to influence the occurrence of edema, including the frequency of hemodialysis, dietary adherence, and physical activity. This study aimed to describe the factors affecting the incidence of edema among hemodialysis patients at Dr. Loekmono Hadi Kudus Regional Hospital. The study employed a quantitative descriptive design with a cross-sectional approach. The population and sample consisted of 200 hemodialysis patients selected using a total sampling technique. Data were collected using a respondent characteristics questionnaire, the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), and analyzed using univariate descriptive statistics. The results showed that the majority of respondents were aged over 60 years (59.5%), male (54%), underwent hemodialysis once a week (52.5%), were non-adherent to dietary recommendations (55%), and had low levels of physical activity (39.5%). Factors influencing the occurrence of edema included advanced age, low frequency of hemodialysis, poor dietary adherence, and low physical activity. Therefore, increased education and monitoring are needed to improve patient adherence in order to prevent edema.